Foreign Species Threaten Antarctica's Unique Ecosystems Amid Rapid Melting

Antarctica's once isolated coastline is increasingly exposed to pollution and foreign organisms due to floating debris. Ocean modeling reveals these materials can drift from continents like South America and Australia. As ice melts and waters warm, the potential for non-native species to invade and disrupt local ecosystems grows.

The icy expanse of Antarctica, long considered a pristine wilderness, is now facing the threat of pollution and invasive species brought in by floating debris. Researchers from institutions including the University of Tasmania and UNSW Sydney have discovered that materials like kelp and plastics can drift to Antarctica from continents such as South America, South Africa, Australia, and New Zealand.

Using advanced ocean modeling, the scientists found that the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, despite its strong and isolating nature, is not an absolute barrier. Powerful storms and eddies create pathways for debris to reach the icy continent. Consequently, foreign species might find new opportunities to invade and disrupt local marine ecosystems as conditions warm and ice recedes.

Of particular concern is the Antarctic Peninsula, where relatively warmer waters and prolonged ice-free periods create favorable conditions for non-native species. The potential colonization by these species poses significant risks to the unique biodiversity of the region, underscoring the urgency for monitoring and preventive measures.

(With inputs from agencies.)