World Bank Report Highlights Persistent Gender Inequality in Croatia Despite EU Standards

The analysis notes that Croatia’s journey towards gender parity has seen some progress, particularly in the significant human capital Croatian women have built over time.

A new World Bank analysis, presented today, reveals that Croatia remains among the lowest-ranked EU countries for overall gender parity, despite the adoption of European Union (EU) standards bringing about important policy changes and advancements. The "Croatia Gender Landscape 2024" report indicates that more work is needed to address the deeper, systemic issues of gender equality in Croatia, which perpetuate significant gender gaps across six areas: work, money, knowledge, time, power, and health.

The analysis notes that Croatia’s journey towards gender parity has seen some progress, particularly in the significant human capital Croatian women have built over time. However, these efforts have not fully translated into positive labor-market outcomes, income generation opportunities, or decision-making power.

For example, Croatian girls outperform boys in education, but these successes do not fully carry over into their careers. Despite strong academic achievements, women continue to face a persistent gender gap in employment rates, particularly among those of childbearing age. They earn less income than men, with the wage gap showing signs of widening over time. In Croatia, women spend nearly 20 hours more than men on unpaid work, making the country a clear outlier among EU member states. While women have made some strides in political representation, their presence in high-level economic roles remains low.

“Women represent half of Croatia’s population, but the current lack of economic opportunities and flexible work arrangements, as well as social norms and stereotypes, are preventing them from reaching their full economic, political, and social potential," said Nga Thi Viet Nguyen, World Bank Senior Economist for Poverty and Equity and lead author of the report. "The right policy mix can substantially advance gender equality in Croatia, bringing more robust and inclusive economic growth and multiple benefits for the whole society.”

The analysis outlines five policy recommendations to promote gender parity:

Expanding affordable and high-quality child and elderly care services to reduce the caregiving burden on women, allowing them to be more active in the labor market.

Flexible work arrangements, including working hours and part-time work, to support all parents, especially women during childbearing years. Upgraded parental leave policies could incentivize shared parenting responsibilities and reduce career interruptions for women.

Targeted public awareness campaigns to challenge gender stereotypes and promote the value of diversity and inclusion in all spheres of society.

Enforcement of equal pay legislation and the promotion of programs and incentives for companies to advance women into leadership and high-power positions, supporting women’s career advancement.

Strengthening Croatia’s legal framework to enhance existing protections against discrimination, harassment, and any form of gender-based violence.

The event gathered representatives from the private sector, think tanks, academia, and civil society, who participated in the discussions.