UN extends Libya mission after US-Russia clash

The UN Security Council has voted unanimously to extend the UN political mission in Libya for three months, with the United States and Britain accusing Russia of blocking a longer and more substantive mandate that would include promoting reconciliation of the country's rival governments now claiming power.

Russia's UN Ambassador Vassily Nebenzia said Moscow insisted on a three-month extension to pressure UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres to urgently appoint a new special representative to head the mission, known as UNSMIL.

The former UN special envoy, Jan Kubis, resigned on November 23 after 10 months on the job.

Nebenzia said in the absence of a new envoy, the UN mission "has been unable to provide substantial support for the political process in Libya for more than six months." He blamed some unidentified members of the Security Council who he claimed "are not ready to accept a scenario where UNSMIL is guided by an African representative," saying their opposition is "non-constructive" and "a manifestation of neo-colonialism." Britain's UN Ambassador Barbara Woodward, who oversaw negotiations on the resolution, said after the vote that "Russia has once again isolated itself by not joining consensus with the 14 other members of the council" who supported a one-year substantive mandate.

US deputy ambassador Jeffrey DeLaurentis said a short mandate "severely complicates" the UN's ability to recruit a new head of for the mission and "creates uncertainty for the Libyan people and their leaders over the Security Council's commitment to Libya." DeLaurentis also criticised Russia for eliminating "critical language on reconciliation and security sector reform" which the council's three African members were pushing to include in the resolution adopted on Friday.

The oil-rich North African nation plunged into turmoil after a NATO-backed uprising in 2011 toppled dictator Moammar Gadhafi, who was later killed.

It then became divided between rival governments — one in the east, backed by military commander Khalifa Hifter, and a UN-supported administration in the capital Tripoli. Each side is supported by different militias and foreign powers.

In April 2019, Hifter and his forces, backed by Egypt and the United Arab Emirates, launched an offensive to try and capture Tripoli.

His campaign collapsed after Turkey stepped up its military support of the UN-supported government with hundreds of troops and thousands of Syrian mercenaries.

An October 2020 cease-fire agreement led to an agreement on a transitional government in early February 2021, and elections scheduled for last December 24 which weren't held.

The country's east-based House of Representatives named a new prime minister, former interior minister Fathi Bashagha, to lead a new interim government in February.

The lawmakers claimed the mandate of interim Prime Minister Abdul Hamid Dbeibah, who is based in the capital, Tripoli, expired when the election failed to take place. But Dbeibah insists he will remain prime minister until elections are held.

Week-long talks between the rival sides in the Egyptian capital ended on April 19 without an agreement on constitutional arrangements for elections.

After Kubis resigned, Guterres appointed American diplomat Stephanie Williams, a fluent Arabic speaker who served as deputy UN special representative in Libya from 2018-2020 as his special adviser and sent her to Tripoli.

She oversaw the agreements on the cease-fire and transitional government and told reporters after the recent meeting of the rivals in Cairo that they agreed to reconvene in May.

UN deputy spokesman Farhan Haq replied that he expects Williams, whose contract is set to expire, to continue in her role "until we have any further notice to give you." Gabon's UN Ambassador Michel Biang read a statement on behalf of his country, Ghana and Kenya, saying the widening divisions in Libya are unfolding "at a crucial juncture" that demands unified Security Council action to make progress toward a sustainable peace "that the Libyan people are craving for." The three African council members called on Libya's rival parties to settle their differences politically, "bearing in mind that the military option will not provide a sustainable solution to the root causes of this crisis." They denounced foreign interference in Libya, demanded the synchronized withdrawal of all foreign fighters and mercenaries, and called on the UN, the African Union and international partners to support a national dialogue and reconciliation in the country.

Biang stressed that since the situation in Libya mainly affects the country's African neighbours, Africans should be involved in the search for a solution and the next UN special envoy should be an African.

Norway's deputy UN ambassador Trine Heimerback said the council's failure to agree on a substantive mandate "not only sends an unfortunate signal to the Libyan people but also to the whole region," stressing UNSMIL's "pivotal role in supporting Libya's political process" and contribution to the country's stability.

(This story has not been edited by Devdiscourse staff and is auto-generated from a syndicated feed.)